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Botanical Name :
Nardostachys grandiflora
Sanskrit Name:
Jatamansi
English Name :
Muskroot, Indian Spikenard,Jatamansi,Spikenard
Family : Valerianaceae
Part used: Rhizomes
Traditional uses:
The rhizome is used in ayurveda for the treatment of hysteria
and other neurological disorders. It is very interesting to note
that in conditions of insomnia and restlessness this drug was
used by Sushruta to produce tranquility and sedation. it
promotes the growth and blackness of hair. Infusion prepared
from the fresh roots is employed in the treatment of spasmodic
hysterical states, palpitations and tension headache. It is also
said to be useful in menopausal disturbances. |
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Phytochemistry:
A volatile essential oil 0.5% resin, sugar, starch, bitter
extractive matter and gum are obtained from the rhizome.
Jatamansi oil contains a ketone, jatamansone which is the same
as valeranone (in valerian). It also contains jatamansic acid.
Jatamansone semi- carbazone is a sesquiterpenic ketone isolated
from the rhizomes. It also has b-Gurjunene, a-patchoulene,
hydroxy aristolenone.
Pharmacology:
Jatamansone semicarbazone, a sesquiterpene ketone, was found to
possess antioestrogenic activity. When given alone it is also
manifested by its oestrogen-antagonising action on the uterus of
mice at an oral dose of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg. The volatile oil
was found to be loss active than quinidine in several tests.
Also it did not counteract digitalis induced ventricular
arrhythmias. This drug has been experimentally shown to possess
a tranquilizing and hypotensive activity in dogs and also
induced hypotension in rats. The rhizome is used in ayurveda for
the treatment of hysteria and other neurological disorders. It
is very interesting to note that in conditions of insomnia and
restlessness this drug was used by Sushruta to produce
tranquility and sedation. it promotes the growth and blackness
of hair. Infusion prepared from the fresh roots is employed in
the treatment of spasmodic hysterical states, palpitations and
tension headache. It is also said to be useful in menopausal
disturbances. Clinical trials were carried out with jatamansone
in essential hypertension. Jatamansone has been used in febrile
delirium and also in delirium tremens. In dysmenorrhoea, it is
used for pain relief and a smooth menstrual flow.
LD(50) of Jatamansone was found to be 80.3 mg/kg while in the
case of quinidine it is 55 mg/kg. This shows that intravenous
toxicity in mice in the case of Jatamansone is less than that
with quinidine. Large doses of Jatamansone can cause vomiting
and diarrhoea.
Main Actions:
Anti - inflammatory, antipyretic, bactericidal, deodorant,
fungicidal, laxative, sedative, tonic.
Main Uses:
Nervous agitation, hysteria, anxiety, painful menstruation,
pre-menstrual tension, sedative, yet also said to energize a
fatigued mind, irritible bowel syndrome
Marker constituent:
L-DOPA
Main Uses:
Anti-parkinsonism, Aphrodisiac.
Herbal Extract packing:
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