Botanical Name : Comiphora mukul 
Sanskrit Name: Guggulu
English Name : Indian Bedellium Tree
Family : Burseraceae

Plant Parts Used : Gum resin, Stem, Leaf

Description of Commiphora Mukul :
A woody shrub to a small tree, with spirally ascending branches. Leaves 1-3 foliate, leaflets sessile to subsessile, terminal ones largest, rhomboid to ovate in shape, irregularly toothed argin. Flowers small, brown to pink, unisexual. Calyx shows glandular hairs, forming cylindrical cap; Petals 4-5 times as long as sepal. Stigma 8-10, stigma, inconspicuously bilobed. Fruit-drupe, red, ovate, accuminate in shape, with 2-celled store, rarely 4 valved
 

Traditional uses:
The gum is bitter, acrid, astringent, aromatic, antiinflammatory and rejuvenating. The main indications for guggul are in disease due to increased vata and kapha. It is described to be especially useful in arthritis and medoroga (obesity).

Phytochemistry:
The major bioactive constituents of Commiphora mukul are two isomeric phytosteroids viz. guggulsterone E & Z. The gum resin also contains phytosterols5 viz. guggulsterol I, II and III and other pregnane
derivatives; lignans3 mainly sesamin

Pharmacology :
The oleoresin contains 0.37% essential oil containing mainly myrecene, dimyrecene, and polymyrecene. Alcohol extraction gives a soluble resin and an insoluble carbohydrate gum. Solvent extraction, hydrolysis and column chromatography over silica gel of guggul resin identifies a number of compounds -a diterpene hydrocarbon, a diterpene alcohol, Z-guggulsterone E-guggul- sterone, guggulsterol-I gugguisterol-II and guggulsterol-III Cholesterol, sesamin and camphorene are also found. Commiphora mukul has been reported for its potent hypolipidemic, antiinflammatory. Commiphora mukul also has effect on fibrinolysis, platelet adhesiveness thereby used coronary heart disease.

Major constituents:
Guggulsterones, specifically Guggulsterone E and Guggulsterone Z

Main use:
Hypolipidemic

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The authenticity of the above information are not verified and established by us. You are requested to get it verified. The above given information are collected from various sources may be used for academic purpose.